Grading System:
Understanding Coffee Bean Classification
Coffee is one of the
most popular drinks worldwide, and its delicious taste comes from the careful
processes involved in growing, processing, and grading the beans. In Kenya, we
use a special grading system, a policy by law and a Kenya Auction requirement
to sell green coffee.
This system plays a
crucial role in the coffee industry by categorizing beans based on their size,
density, and specific characteristics, influencing both quality and market
value. The grading system ensures consistency and excellence in this
competitive landscape, facilitating trade agreements and enabling informed
purchasing decisions. By maintaining stringent quality standards, the system
exemplifies Kenya's commitment to exceptional coffee, making it essential for
both coffee enthusiasts and traders to understand its nuances to appreciate the
richness and diversity of Kenyan coffee
This
the cream of the crop - large, dense beans over 7.2mm in diameter that are
assigned a size of 18. AA grade Kenyan coffees are considered among the finest
in the world. They exhibit a bright, lively acidity balanced with a rich,
wine-like fruitiness and sweet, floral aromas. The body is typically light yet
flavorful.
Only
slightly smaller than AA at 6.8mm (size 16-17), AB grade still ranks as a
premium coffee. It combines both A and B beans and accounts for around 40% of
Kenya's crop. While not quite as prized as AA, AB grade offers a similar
bright, fruity, complex profile
- Kenya PB Grade (Peaberry)
These are natural
"pearls" - single, rounded beans instead of two flat-sided ones. At
size 17, peaberries are dense and concentrated in flavor, making up around 5%
of the crop.
- Kenya E Grade (Elephant Bean)
The largest of all,
size 21 and up, these "elephant beans" come from cherry with
conjoined seeds. Their impressive size gives a deeply rich, full-bodied cup.
Falling in the 12-14
size range, C grade contains the thinner, smaller beans sorted out from AB
during grading. Great for blending and usually has a lower acidity.
These are beans sorted
out for having a lighter density than the premium AA, AB and E grades. Despite
their size of 16-20, their lower density affects the flavor.
The smallest grade
under size 12, T comprises broken, defective, and thin beans sorted from the C
grade.
- Kenya MH/ML Grade (Mbuni)
At the lowest end are
Mbuni beans that fell off the plant before harvesting. They have a distinctly tangy,
harsh taste processed by the dry or natural method. MH ( Heavy Mbuni) tends to
have a higher density and may qualify as a specialty coffee if well sorted.
- Kenya NH/NL Grade (Natural Process)
This is the latest
entry in the Kenya Auction Grading system. It indicates that the coffee
underwent natural processing rather than the common wet-wash process used in
Kenya.
UG1 stands for "Ungraded 1." This category includes all beans that do not meet the specific criteria for the official grades such as AA, AB, or C. These beans are a mix of various sizes and qualities, which do not conform to the stringent standards of the higher grades.
UG2, or "Ungraded M'buni," refers to ungraded dry processed (naturally processed) coffee. M'buni is a Swahili term referring to coffee cherries that are dried whole rather than depulped before drying. These beans are generally of lower quality compared to wet-processed beans.
HE grade includes beans separated from the TT and E grades. These are often considered rejects from the TT and E sorting processes and include fragments and lighter beans that did not meet the quality standards of the TT and E grades.
SB, or "Screen Bold," refers to coffee beans that are larger in size but not as dense as AA or AB grades. These beans are separated based on their size using a sieve or screen, where the bold, larger beans are collected. However, despite their larger size, SB beans may not necessarily have the same high density and quality as AA or AB grades.
FAQ (Fair Average Quality)
FAQ grade is a term used for coffee that meets the standard quality level for export. This grade includes a mix of beans that do not fit into the more specific grades but still meet an acceptable standard for international trade.